“Cleanliness is part of faith.” (H. R Muslim)
This hadith emphasizes how important cleanliness is for a believer. People will be said to be believers if they care about cleanliness. Cleanliness is one of the basic needs that cannot be avoided in everyday life. You don’t want to create comfort without cleanliness. Cleanliness here includes: self, clothes, area, and others.
Islam saves great attention on the issue of cleanliness or chastity, both cleanliness from najis and cleanliness from hadas. In this section we will dwell on the provisions of that cleanliness.
Do you understand what is taharah? Are you used to doing taharah? Taharah means purification from unclean and hadas. Najis is dirt that is made because someone is prevented from worshiping Allah swt. On the other hand, hadas is an impure condition in a Muslim which causes him not to pray, tawaf, and so on.
What must be cleaned? Everything must be cleaned, including the body, clothes, places, and areas where all our activities are carried out. Moreover, the place we use to pray. This worship position must be pure from unclean and clean from dirt, of course it will be more perfect and meaningful. Taharah includes 2 things, namely: taharah from unclean and taharah from hadas. Taharah from najis means to sterilize something from najis. There are 3 kinds of uncleanness, namely mukhaffafah unclean, mutawassitah unclean, and mugaladah unclean.
Mukhaffafah najis is light najis, like the urine of a male toddler who is not yet 2 years old and has not eaten anything except mother’s milk. The method of cleaning it is very easy, just by sprinkling or rubbing holy water on the surface that is infected with unclean.
Mutawassitah najis is middle najis. Examples of this type of uncleanness are blood, pus, urine, feces, animal carcasses, and so on. There are two types of uncleanness, namely: hukmiyah unclean and ainiyyah unclean. It is believed that unclean hukmiyah exists but is not manifest in its form (substance), smell and taste. The method of purifying it is sufficient by running water on objects that are infected with unclean. On the other hand, najis ‘ainiyah is najis that looks like its shape (substance) and can be recognized by its smell and taste. The method of purifying it is to eliminate substances, odors, and tastes by using pure water.
Mughaladah najis is a heavy najis. This najis comes from dogs and pigs. The method of purifying it through several sessions, is to rinse 7 times. One time, among others, using water mixed with soil. Now that we have recognized the method of purification from najis, what is the next method of purification from hadas? There are two kinds of Hadas, namely minor hadas and major hadas.
When you have a minor problem if you face / do one of the 4 things, namely:
1. something comes out of the qubul (pubic) and anus,
2. lost ideas (eg sleep)
3. skin-to-skin between men and women who are not married, and
4. Holding the qubul and the anus with the palm of the hand
The method of eliminating minor hadas by performing ablution. If there is no water or for some reason, it can be done with tayammum.
How about big hadas? We have a big problem when we face / do one of the 6 problems, namely:
1. having sex with husband and wife (having intercourse),
2. out sperm (semen),
3. menstruation (menstruation),
4. give birth,
5. postpartum, and
6. died.
The method of purifying it is by taking a mandatory bath, which is to wet the entire body from head to toe. If there is no water, or for some reason, it can be done with tayammum
