Muslimcreed.com The Islamic economy of this time has developed rapidly. This can be seen from the rise of economic forums, both business and financial, that carry out their business using Islamic law. Some of these institutions include Islamic banks, sharia insurance, hotelsyariah, etc.
Islamic economics has also proven to be able to advance the economy, as has been proven in the Islamic caliphate, where at that time countries were experiencing dark ages. The golden age suffered a setback along with the deviation from Islamic sharia whose values were very universal. Therefore, extracting values and methods and ways of managing the economy in Sharia is an important matter. Moreover, the demand for this method is the need of the people and the people.
The reliability of the Islamic economy has also been proven in Indonesia, at least during the moteter crisis that led to the economic and financial crisis (1998), Islamic banks were able to survive & avoid the crisis of the sacrifice and recapitalization of the bank an. This is because the sharia system does not allow negative spreads. Islam and Economics
Islam is a Shamil (overarching) belief. And regulate all the aspects of people’s lives. But on matters that always experience changes, Islam only regulates them in an outline /global manner. Economic (business) > political issues are areas that have undergone many changes. In this case, three things can be used as the basis for acum:
Hadith which reads: “You know your global affairs better”( HR Muslim, according to Siti Aisyah and Anas.
This means that for technical matters that are not regulated in the Quran and Hadith, people are welcome to carry them out in their way, according to the rule: “basically everything is allowed, except those that are stopped”
Generality & eternity of The Islamic treatises
In the Islamic economic concept, 2 kinds of teachings and punishments:
first, things that are fixed and binding from time to time forever, for example, the group that is entitled to receive zakat, heirs, & haram ya usury.
Second, things that accept change and are subject to the development of the times. This is where the door of ijtihad and the disparity of opinion of the mujtahids are opened.
Dissent of the scholars and leaders.
This difference must be addressed as mercy because we can choose between these opinions that are most in sync with the terms and benefits of the people. Design and Build an Islamic Economy
Islamic economics can be likened to using a residence consisting of a roof, poles, and a wall. So it is with the Islamic economy.
Buildings in the Islamic economy have five things:
Tawhid;- Allah is the true owner of all that is found in the universe
God does not create things in vain, and people are created to serve/worship God
Al-adl (just);
– no mendzalimi and no didzalimi
-non-profit economic actors should only pursue exclusive profits
Nubuwwah (prophetic);
The qualities possessed by the ProphetSAW (Siddiq, Tabligh, Amanah, Fathonah) should be exemplary in behavior, including in the economy
Siddiq: effective and efficient; Tabligh: communicative, open, marketing; Mandate: responsible, trustworthy, reliable; Fathonah: ingenious, wise, intelligent.
Caliphate:
Man as caliph on earth will be held accountable
The Caliph in the sense of a leader, use is to maintains relations between the hordes (muamalah) to create an order
The Caliph must act like the attributes of Allah, and submit to the greatness of Allah Almighty
Ma’ad (profit):
advantages of a logical-worldly motivation of man on economic activity
advantages take global advantages & afterlife
Multi-type Ownership
In essence, all are owned by Allah Almighty
In contrast to capitalist and classical socialists, Islam recognizes the existence of the private property, joint ownership (syrah), and state ownership
Economic freedom of action
All are allowed except those that should not be allowed
Hadith: You know better the affairs of your world
Social Justice
In rizki yg halal there are also other people’s sides (zakat)
Social justice must be fought for Islam, & the government is obliged to meet the needs of its people, and the social balance between the rich & the poor
Roofed Akhlaq, which means everything (behavior) must be done ethicallyIslamDisputation of Points of View / Thought / Madzhab of Islamic Economics
Madzhab Iqtisaduna
This school is based on the view that the economics that now exists (conventional) has never been able to be in line with Islam. Theories in the Islamic economy should have been obtained according to the Quran and sunnah (the concept of deconstruction), & not conventional economics adapted to Islamic studies.
This school rejects the economic problem of scarcity of resources. Economic problems occur due to human greed, unequal distribution & injustice.
Islam should have its concept in economics, using the name Iqtishad.
Madzhab Mainstream
This view is not far in sync with the conventional economic view, only adapted to the Islamic guidance on the Quran & As-Sunnah (the concept of reconstruction). This school permanently recognizes the existence of “scarcity” as an economic case.
Madzhab Alternative – Critical
Critical analysis alone needs to be done on socialists & capitalists, but also on the Islamic economy itself. Islam is certainly valid, but the Islamic economy is not yet valid, because the Islamic economy is the result of human thought in its interpretation of the Quran & As-Sunnah.
This school criticizes the previous two madhabs. The Iqtisaduna school seeks to find a theory that has been discovered by others, or destroy the theory & replace it using a new one. Madzhab Mainstream is criticized as a copy of neoclassical economics, by adapting it to the teachings of Islam (variables of usury, zakat, and intention).
Principles of Eco#nomics
Economics was born into a scientific discipline after the separation of production and consumption activities. The economy is an activity that can be said to be the same as using the existence of people on this earth, so that later an economic motive arises, namely a person’s desire to meet his life needs. Economic principles are steps taken by people in fulfilling their needs with certain sacrifices to obtain maximum results.
The basics of Islamic economics are:
1) Aims to achieve a prosperous society both globally and in the world, achieving optimal satisfaction of various needs both physical and spiritual in a balanced manner, both individuals and communities. And make it a tool that is optimally achieved using sacrifices without waste and permanently preserving nature is maintained.
2) The property rights of individual nisbi are recognized as halal business and work and are used for halal things.
3) It is forbidden to hoard the mall & make it impaled.
4) In the mall there is a right for others in need, therefore it must be reserved so that the division of rizki (distribution) is achieved.
5) To some extent, the property rights of the nisbi were subject to zakat.
6) Commerce is allowed, but usury is not allowed.
7) There is no disparity between tribes and descendants in cooperation and what is the measure of difference is working achievement.
Then the foundation of values on which the Islamic economic system is based is to be the following:
Basic values of the Islamic economic system:
1) The essence of ownership is expediency, not mastery.
2) The balance of various aspects in humans.
3) Justice among fellow human beings.
Fragmental values of the Islamic economic system:
Philosophical values of the Islamic economic system:
1) The Islamic economic system is bound by values.
2) The Islamic economic system is dynamic, in the sense that research and development are monotonous.
Normative values of the Islamic economic system:
5) Ijtihad (Ra’yu), includes qiyas, matters of mursalah, istihsan, istishab,& urf.
The Islamic economic principle is the application of the principle of efficiency & productivity, and the principle of benefits of using while preserving the natural environment.
