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MUSLIMCREED.COM After the death of the Prophet Muhammad saw that the Prophet’s friends who received the Khulafaur Rasyidin title received instructions sent to replace the Prophet’s leadership. They are Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq, Umar bin Khattab, Usman bin Affan, and Ali bin Abi Talib.
Khulafaur Rashidin was the closest friend of the Prophet with the Prophet to see both when the Prophet preached, protecting the Prophet from the attack by enemies by polytheists and accompanied the Prophet Muhammad to see in spreading Islamic teachings.
The four friends of the Prophet ruled between 633-658 AD on the Arabian Peninsula, the Prophet’s friends had an important role in preaching to spread Islam. Friends ruled in a wise way, often discussed, and continued to carry out the teachings of Islam that had been taught by the Prophet Muhammad.
A brief history and journey of the Prophet’s companions
1. Abu Bakr Ash-Siddiq
The story of the Prophet’s first companion was Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq who was one of the companions of the Prophet Muhammad to see the full name was Abdullah Abi Quhafah at-Tamimi. In the pre-Islamic era, his name was Abu Ka’bah and then the Prophet Muhammad turned it into Abdullah.
Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq was born in 573 AD and died in 634 AD. The name Abu Bakr means pioneering that morning because he was one of the people who converted to Islam for the first time. While Ash-Siddiq was given because he always confirmed all the teachings brought by the Prophet Muhammad, especially during the Isra ‘Mi’raj.
Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq was chosen as Caliph on the advice of Ansar and Muhajirin the two groups wanted the caliph from between them. Then the proposal was rejected so that it was concluded that Muhajirin was more entitled to gain power and all agreed that Umar bin Khattab advanced and promised to be loyal to Abu Bakr.
After the death of the Prophet Muhammad, Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq became the first caliph to become the head of state and the leader of the Muslim religion and lasted for two years.
The Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq government faced many problems from within the country including the emergence of false prophets, apostate groups, and zakat dissidents. After discussing with other friends, Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq decided to fight the group (the war against the interest).
After Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq resolved domestic problems and then expanded north to face Roman and Persian forces who threatened the position of Muslims. However, Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq died before the expansion mission was completed.
Some of the civilizations that developed during the reign of Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq:
– Develop a more democratic discussion in government and society.
– Fostering Muslim and Army Loyalty to the government that supports all Caliph policies.
– Develop deliberations in overcoming any problems.
– Compilation of Al -Qur’anic Manuscripts.
– Build an orderly government both at the center and in the regions.
– Strengthening the military that is disciplined and tough on the battlefield.
– Makmur community fairly by building Baitulmal and empowering zakat, infaq, ghanimah, and jizyah.
During the reign of Abu Bakar Ash-Siddiq, property from Baitul Mal was distributed to all Muslims, even when Abu Bakr Ash-Siddiq died, only one dirham was found in the country’s treasury. All Muslims get the same part of state income.
Economic characteristics at the time of Abu Bakr, among others:
– Applying the practice of trading contracts in accordance with sharia principles.
– Don’t make Badr experts as state officials.
– upholding the law and against people who do not want to pay zakat.
– Processing Rikaz (mining goods) such as gold, silver, bronze, iron is a source of state revenue.
– Pay attention to the accuracy in the calculation of zakat.
– Applying the principle of equality in the distribution of state wealth.
